ISBN: 978-93-94174-14-6

Artificial Intelligence in Biodiversity Conservation

Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Sri Ramakrishna College of Arts & Science for Women, Coimbatore, India

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative technology for addressing complex environmental challenges and enhancing biodiversity conservation through intelligent monitoring, predictive analytics, and data-driven decision-making. Biodiversity, encompassing the diversity of genes, species, and ecosystems, is fundamental to maintaining ecological balance and supporting ecosystem services essential for human well-being. However, increasing anthropogenic pressures, including habitat destruction, climate change, pollution, and illegal wildlife exploitation, have accelerated biodiversity loss worldwide. This chapter explores the integration of AI technologies with biodiversity conservation, highlighting their applications in wildlife monitoring, remote sensing, habitat mapping, anti-poaching surveillance, marine ecosystem conservation, climate change analysis, plant species identification, and ecological data management. Advanced AI techniques, including machine learning, deep learning, computer vision, and natural language processing, enable rapid processing of large ecological datasets, automated species recognition, predictive habitat modeling, and real-time environmental monitoring. AI-powered tools such as camera traps, drones, acoustic sensors, satellite imagery, and mobile applications significantly improve the accuracy and efficiency of conservation initiatives while reducing operational costs and human intervention. The chapter also discusses the challenges associated with AI implementation, including data availability, computational requirements, ethical considerations, technical expertise, and infrastructure limitations. Furthermore, future prospects involving the integration of AI with the Internet of Things (IoT), autonomous monitoring systems, and intelligent conservation platforms are presented. By combining technological innovation with conventional ecological practices, AI offers sustainable and scalable solutions for protecting biodiversity and supporting evidence-based environmental management. The chapter emphasizes that responsible adoption of AI technologies can significantly strengthen global conservation efforts and contribute to achieving long-term environmental sustainability and biodiversity preservation.

*Corresponding author; e-mail: lubnasadiyah@gmail.com

Cite this Chapter: Dhinek, A., 2026. Artificial Intelligence in Biodiversity Conservation. In: M. Prakash and N. Karmegam (Eds.), Microbial Technology for Biomedical and Environmental Applications. Excellent Publishers, India. pp. 82-89. doi: https://doi.org/10.20546/978-93-94174-14-6_7